

The decision about how much kidney tissue to remove depends on: But when they occur, children are more likely to develop a type of kidney cancer called Wilms' tumor, probably caused by the poor development of kidney cells. The most common kidney cancer in adults, renal cell carcinoma, begins in the cells that line the small tubes within your kidneys. Often a urologic surgeon performs nephrectomy to remove a cancerous tumor or abnormal tissue growth in a kidney.

Sometimes a nephrectomy is needed because of other kidney diseases.

These tumors are usually cancerous, but they can be noncancerous (benign). The most common reason a urologic surgeon performs a nephrectomy is to remove a tumor from the kidney.
